知识就是力量，时间就是生命。这篇文章主要讲述SpringBoot技术专题「开发实战系列」动态化Quartz任务调度机制+实时推送任务数据到前相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
前提介绍
动态化任务调度
添加依赖包

< !-- quartz --> < dependency> < groupId> org.springframework.boot< /groupId> < artifactId> spring-boot-starter-quartz< /artifactId> < /dependency>

DynamicSchedulerConfig

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBeanCustomizer; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean; @Configuration public class DynamicSchedulerConfig implements SchedulerFactoryBeanCustomizer{ @Override public void customize(SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean) { schedulerFactoryBean.setStartupDelay(2); schedulerFactoryBean.setAutoStartup(true); schedulerFactoryBean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true); } }

application.yml配置

server: port: 8101 # 默认的profile为dev，其他环境通过指定启动参数使用不同的profile，比如： #测试环境：java -jar quartz-service.jar --spring.profiles.active=test #生产环境：java -jar quartz-service.jar --spring.profiles.active=prod spring: datasource: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #这里是配置druid连接池，以下都是druid的配置信息 url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/task?useUnicode=true& characterEncoding=utf-8& useSSL=false driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver username: root password: 123456 #quartz相关属性配置 quartz: properties: org: quartz: scheduler: instanceName: clusteredScheduler instanceId: AUTO jobStore: class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate tablePrefix: QRTZ_ isClustered: true clusterCheckinInterval: 10000 useProperties: false threadPool: class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool threadCount: 10 threadPriority: 5 threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread: true #数据库方式 job-store-type: jdbc # mybatisplus配置 mybatis-plus: mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/**Mapper.xml #把xml文件放在com.XX.mapper.*中可能会出现找到的问题，这里把他放在resource下的mapper中 typeAliasesPackage: com.task.entity #这里是实体类的位置，#实体扫描，多个package用逗号或者分号分隔 configuration: map-underscore-to-camel-case: true cache-enabled: false logging: file: task-info.log level: com.task: debug

TaskInfoService业务服务类

@Service public class TaskInfoService extends IService< TaskInfoBO> { /*** @Title: getPageJob * @Description: TODO(查询定时任务，分页) * @param @param search * @param @return参数 * @return Map< String,Object> 返回类型 * @throws */IPage< TaskInfoBO> getPageJob(Pageable pageable, MultiValueMap queryParam); /*** @Title: getPageJobmod * @Description: TODO(查询定时任务) * @param @return参数 * @return TaskInfoBO返回类型 * @throws */ TaskInfoBO getPageJobmod(); /** * @Title: addJob * @Description: TODO(添加任务) * @param @param jobClassName 任务路径名称 * @param @param jobGroupName 任务分组 * @param @param cronExpression cron时间规则 * @param @throws Exception参数 * @return void返回类型 * @throws */ void addJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression) throws Exception; /** * @Title: addJob * @Description: TODO(添加动态任务) * @param @param jobClassName 任务路径名称 * @param @param jobGroupName 任务分组 * @param @param cronExpression cron时间规则 * @param @param jobDescription 参数 * @param @param params * @param @throws Exception参数说明 * @return void返回类型 * @throws */void addJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression, String jobDescription, Map< String, Object> params) throws Exception; /** * @Title: updateJob * @Description: TODO(更新定时任务) * @param @param jobClassName 任务路径名称 * @param @param jobGroupName 任务分组 * @param @param cronExpression cron时间规则 * @param @throws Exception参数 * @return void返回类型 * @throws */ void updateJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression) throws Exception; /** * @Title: deleteJob * @Description: TODO(删除定时任务) * @param @param jobClassName 任务路径名称 * @param @param jobGroupName 任务分组 * @param @throws Exception参数 * @return void返回类型 * @throws */void deleteJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception; /** * @Title: pauseJob * @Description: TODO(暂停定时任务) * @param @param jobClassName 任务路径名称 * @param @param jobGroupName 任务分组 * @param @throws Exception参数 * @return void返回类型 * @throws */ void pauseJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception; /** * @Title: resumejob * @Description: TODO(恢复任务) * @param @param jobClassName 任务路径名称 * @param @param jobGroupName 任务分组 * @param @throws Exception参数 * @return void返回类型 * @throws */ void resumejob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception; }

TaskInfoServiceImpl业务服务类

@Slf4j @Service @Transactional public class TaskInfoServiceImplextends ServiceImpl< JobAndTriggerMapper, TaskInfoBO> implements TaskInfoService {@Autowiredprivate Scheduler scheduler; @Overridepublic IPage< TaskInfoBO> getPageJob(Pageable pageable, MultiValueMap queryParam) {IPage< TaskInfoBO> page = new Page< > (pageable.getPageNumber(), pageable.getPageSize()); return baseMapper.getJobAndTriggerDetails(page); }@Overridepublic TaskInfoBO getPageJobmod() { return baseMapper.getJobAndTriggerDto(); }@Overridepublic void addJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression) throws Exception { // 启动调度器 scheduler.start(); // 构建job信息 JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(getClass(jobClassName).getClass()) .withIdentity(jobClassName, jobGroupName).build(); // 表达式调度构建器(即任务执行的时间) CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExpression); // 按新的cronExpression表达式构建一个新的trigger CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobClassName, jobGroupName) .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build(); try { scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger); } catch (SchedulerException e) { throw new Exception("创建定时任务失败"); } }@Override public void addJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression, String jobDescription, Map< String, Object> params) throws Exception { // 启动调度器 scheduler.start(); // 构建job信息 JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(TaskInfoServiceImpl.getClass(jobClassName).getClass()) .withIdentity(jobClassName, jobGroupName).withDescription(jobDescription).build(); Iterator< Map.Entry< String, Object> > var7 = params.entrySet().iterator(); while(var7.hasNext()) { Map.Entry< String, Object> entry = var7.next(); jobDetail.getJobDataMap().put((String)entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } // 表达式调度构建器(即任务执行的时间) CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExpression); // 按新的cronExpression表达式构建一个新的trigger CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobClassName, jobGroupName) .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build(); try { scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger); } catch (SchedulerException e) { throw new Exception("创建定时任务失败"); } }@Overridepublic void updateJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName, String cronExpression) throws Exception { try { TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName); // 表达式调度构建器（动态修改后不立即执行） CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(cronExpression).withMisfireHandlingInstructionDoNothing(); CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey); // 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建trigger trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build(); // 按新的trigger重新设置job执行 scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger); } catch (SchedulerException e) { throw new Exception("更新定时任务失败"); } }@Overridepublic void deleteJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception { scheduler.pauseTrigger(TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName)); scheduler.unscheduleJob(TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName)); scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName)); }@Override public void pauseJob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception { scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName)); }@Overridepublic void resumejob(String jobClassName, String jobGroupName) throws Exception { scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobClassName, jobGroupName)); }public static BaseJob getClass(String classname) throws Exception { Class< ?> class1 = Class.forName(classname); return (BaseJob) class1.newInstance(); } }

TaskInfoMapper

public interface JobAndTriggerMapper extends BaseMapper< TaskInfoBO> { IPage< TaskInfoBO> getJobAndTriggerDetails(IPage< TaskInfoBO> page); TaskInfoBO getTaskInfoModel; }

TaskInfoMapper.xml

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> < !DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> < mapper namespace="com.south.data.mapper.JobAndTriggerMapper"> < select id="getJobAndTriggerDetails" resultType="com.data.vo.TaskInfoBO"> SELECTjd.JOB_NAME AS jobName,jd.DESCRIPTION AS jobDescription,jd.JOB_GROUP AS jobGroupName,jd.JOB_CLASS_NAME AS jobClassName,t.TRIGGER_NAME AS triggerName,t.TRIGGER_GROUP AS triggerGroupName,FROM_UNIXTIME(t.PREV_FIRE_TIME/1000,\'%Y-%m-%d %T\') AS prevFireTime,FROM_UNIXTIME(t.NEXT_FIRE_TIME/1000,\'%Y-%m-%d %T\') AS nextFireTime,ct.CRON_EXPRESSION AS cronExpression,t.TRIGGER_STATE AS triggerStateFROMqrtz_job_details jdJOIN qrtz_triggers tJOIN qrtz_cron_triggers ct ON jd.JOB_NAME = t.JOB_NAMEAND t.TRIGGER_NAME = ct.TRIGGER_NAMEAND t.TRIGGER_GROUP = ct.TRIGGER_GROUP< /select> < select id="getJobAndTriggerDto" resultType="com.south.data.vo.JobAndTriggerDto"> SELECTjd.JOB_NAME AS jobName,jd.DESCRIPTION AS jobDescription,jd.JOB_GROUP AS jobGroupName,jd.JOB_CLASS_NAME AS jobClassName,t.TRIGGER_NAME AS triggerName,t.TRIGGER_GROUP AS triggerGroupName,FROM_UNIXTIME(t.PREV_FIRE_TIME/1000,\'%Y-%m-%d %T\') AS prevFireTime,FROM_UNIXTIME(t.NEXT_FIRE_TIME/1000,\'%Y-%m-%d %T\') AS nextFireTime,ct.CRON_EXPRESSION AS cronExpression,t.TRIGGER_STATE AS triggerStateFROMqrtz_job_details jdJOIN qrtz_triggers tJOIN qrtz_cron_triggers ct ON jd.JOB_NAME = t.JOB_NAMEAND t.TRIGGER_NAME = ct.TRIGGER_NAMEAND t.TRIGGER_GROUP = ct.TRIGGER_GROUP< /select> < /mapper>

BaseJob类

public interface BaseJob extends Job { public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException; }

TaskController控制器

@RestController @RequestMapping(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/job") public class JobController{@Autowired private TaskInfoService taskInfoService; public JobController(TaskInfoService taskInfoService){ this.taskInfoService = taskInfoService; }@PostMapping(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/page") public ResponseEntity< List< TaskInfoBO> > queryjob(Pageable pageable, @RequestParam MultiValueMap< String, String> queryParams, UriComponentsBuilder uriBuilder) { IPage< TaskInfoBO> page = taskInfoService.getPageJob(pageable, queryParams); HttpHeaders headers = PaginationUtil.generatePaginationHttpHeaders(uriBuilder.queryParams(queryParams), page); return ResponseEntity.ok().headers(headers).body(page.getRecords()); }/** * @Title: addJob * @Description: TODO(添加Job) * @param jobClassName * 类名 * @param jobGroupName * 组名 * @param cronExpression * 表达式，如：0/5 * * * * ? (每隔5秒) */ @PostMapping(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/add") public ResponseEntity addJob( @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobClassName") String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobGroupName") String jobGroupName, @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/cronExpression") String cronExpression){ try { jobAndTriggerService.addJob(jobClassName, jobGroupName, cronExpression); return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作成功"); } catch (Exception e) { return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作失败"); } }/** * @Title: pauseJob * @Description: TODO(暂停Job) * @param jobClassName *类名 * @param jobGroupName *组名 */@PostMapping(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/pause") public ResponseEntity pauseJob( @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobClassName") String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobGroupName") String jobGroupName) { try { taskInfoService.pauseJob(jobClassName, jobGroupName); return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作成功"); } catch (Exception e) { return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作失败"); } } /** * @Title: resumeJob * @Description: TODO(恢复Job) * @param jobClassName *类名 * @param jobGroupName *组名 */ @PostMapping(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/resume") public ResponseEntity resumeJob( @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobClassName") String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobGroupName") String jobGroupName) { try { taskInfoService.resumejob(jobClassName, jobGroupName); return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作成功"); } catch (Exception e) { return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作失败"); } } /** * @Title: rescheduleJob * @Description: TODO(重新设置Job) * @param jobClassName *类名 * @param jobGroupName *组名 * @param cronExpression *表达式 */@PostMapping(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/reschedule") public ResponseEntity rescheduleJob( @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobClassName") String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobGroupName") String jobGroupName, @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/cronExpression") String cronExpression) { try { taskInfoService.updateJob(jobClassName, jobGroupName, cronExpression); return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作成功"); } catch (Exception e) { return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作失败"); } }/** * @Title: deleteJob * @Description: TODO(删除Job) * @param jobClassName *类名 * @param jobGroupName *组名 */@RequestMapping(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/del", method = RequestMethod.POST)public ResponseEntity deleteJob(@RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobClassName") String jobClassName, @RequestParam(value = "https://www.songbingjia.com/android/jobGroupName") String jobGroupName) { try { taskInfoService.deleteJob(jobClassName, jobGroupName); return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作成功"); } catch (Exception e) { return ResponseEntity.ok().body("操作失败"); } } }

文章图片

DeferredResult实现实时推送

• 浏览器要实时展示服务端计算出来的数据。一种可能的实现是：浏览器频繁向服务端发起请求以获得服务端数据。
  
• 【SpringBoot技术专题「开发实战系列」动态化Quartz任务调度机制+实时推送任务数据到前】若定时周期为S，则数据延迟周期最大即为S。若想缩短数据延迟周期，则应使S尽量小，而S越小，浏览器向服务端发起请求的频率越高，又造成网络握手次数越多，影响了效率。因此，此场景应使用服务端实时推送技术。
  
• 这里说是推送，其实还是基于请求-响应机制，只不过发起的请求会在服务端挂起，直到请求超时或服务端有数据推送时才会做出响应，响应的时机完全由服务端控制。所以，整体效果看起来就像是服务端真的在“实时推送”一样。

使用案例

@RequestMapping("/call") @ResponseBody public DeferredResult< Object> call() { // 泛型Object表示返回结果的类型 DeferredResult< Object> response = new DeferredResult< Object> (10000, // 请求的超时时间 null); // 超时后响应的结果 response.onCompletion(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { // 请求处理完成后所做的一些工作 } }); // 设置响应结果 // 调用此方法时立即向浏览器发出响应；未调用时请求被挂起 response.setResult(new Object()); return response; }

执行逻辑

1. 浏览器发起异步请求
2. 请求到达服务端被挂起（使用浏览器查看请求状态，此时为pending）
3. 向浏览器进行响应，分为两种情况：
   • 服务端调用DeferredResult.setResult()，请求被唤醒，返回结果。
   • 超时，返回一个你设定的结果。
4. 浏览得到响应，再次重复1，处理此次响应结果

实现DeferResult传输模型

public interface DeferredData { String getId(); // 唯一标识 }

DeferredResult的持有者

public interface IDeferredResultHolder< DeferredData> { DeferredResult< DeferredData> newDeferredResult(String key, long timeout, Object timeoutResult); void add(String key, DeferredResult< DeferredData> deferredResult); DeferredResult< DeferredData> get(String key); void remove(String key); void handleDeferredData(DeferredData deferredData); }

DeferredResult的持有者实现

public class DeferredResultHolder implements IDeferredResultHolder< DeferredData> {private Map< String, DeferredResult< DeferredData> > deferredResults = new ConcurrentHashMap< String, DeferredResult< DeferredData> > (); public DeferredResult< DeferredData> newDeferredResult(String key) { return new DeferredResult(key, 30 * 1000L, null); } public DeferredResult< DeferredData> newDeferredResult(String key, long timeout) { return new DeferredResult(key, timeout, null); } public DeferredResult< DeferredData> newDeferredResult(String key, Object timeoutResult) { return new DeferredResult(key, 30 * 1000L, timeoutResult); } @Override public DeferredResult< DeferredData> newDeferredResult(String key, long timeout, Object timeoutResult) { DeferredResult< DeferredData> deferredResult = newDeferredResult< DeferredData> (timeout, timeoutResult); add(key, deferredResult); deferredResult.onCompletion(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { remove(key); } }); return deferredResult; }@Override public void add(String key, DeferredResult< DeferredData> deferredResult) { deferredResults.put(key, deferredResult); }@Override public DeferredResult< DeferredData> get(String key) { return deferredResults.get(key); }@Override public void remove(String key) { deferredResults.remove(key); }@Override public void handleDeferredData(DeferredData deferredData) { String key = deferredData.getId(); DeferredResult< DeferredData> deferredResult = get(key); if (deferredResult != null) { deferredResult.setResult(deferredData); } } }

调用端

@RequestMapping @Controller public class CallController { @Autowired private DeferredResultHolder deferredResultHolder; @RequestMapping("/call") @ResponseBody public DeferredResult< DeferredData> call() { String id = "abc"; return deferredResultHolder.newDeferredResult(id, 10 * 1000L, null); } }

触发返回端

@RequestMapping @Controller public class CallController { @Autowired private DeferredResultHolder deferredResultHolder; @RequestMapping("/finished") @ResponseBody public void finished() { String id = "abc"; DeferredData defdatq = new CustomerDeferredData(id); // 此处的CustomerDeferredData为实现了DeferredData接口的实现模型 return deferredResultHolder.handleDeferredData(defdatq); } }

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