君不见长松卧壑困风霜,时来屹立扶明堂。这篇文章主要讲述#yyds干货盘点#spring-cloud-kubernetes官方demo运行实战相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
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关于spring-cloud-kubernetes
spring-cloud-kubernetes是springcloud官方推出的开源项目,用于将Spring Cloud和Spring Boot应用运行在kubernetes环境,并且提供了通用的接口来调用kubernetes服务,GitHub上官方地址是:https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-kubernetes
官方demo
官方提供了简单的demo用于快速了解spring-cloud-kubernetes,我们就来一起将此demo源码编译构建,然后在kubernetes环境运行;
环境信息
本次实战的环境和版本信息如下:
- 操作系统:CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810
- minikube:1.1.1
- java:1.8.0_191
- Maven:3.6.0
- fabric8-maven-plugin插件:3.5.37
- spring-cloud-kubernetes:1.0.1.RELEASE
- 上面提到的linux、minikube、java、maven,请确保已全部准备好
官方demo包含在整个spring-cloud-kubernetes开源项目中,因此要下载整个开源项目,由于主干的提交一直很活跃,因此最好下载个release版本,我这里下载的是==v1.0.1.RELEASE==,如下图红框所示,地址是:https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-kubernetes/releases
文章图片
修改maven设置
需要事先修改maven的设置,否则编译构建的时候会报错:
- 打开maven的配置文件settings.xml,完整路径是apache-maven-3.6.0/conf/settings.xm;
- 在settings.xml文件内,找到pluginGroups节点,在里面增加两行,修改完成后效果如下:
< pluginGroups> < pluginGroup> io.fabric8< /pluginGroup> < pluginGroup> org.springframework.boot< /pluginGroup> < /pluginGroups>
- 修改完毕保存退出,maven设置完成;
- 将上图中的源码下载解压,得到一个新的文件夹==spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE==;
- 进入文件夹spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE,执行命令==mvn clean compile -U==,完全编译整个工程,由于要下载大量依赖库所以较为耗时,我这里是二十分钟以上(这一步不是必须的,看个人爱好吧),构建通过后如下所示:
[INFO] Reactor Summary for Spring Cloud Kubernetes 1.0.1.RELEASE: [INFO] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Dependencies ............ SUCCESS [0.077 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes ............................ SUCCESS [2.575 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Core .................... SUCCESS [01:51 min] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Config .................. SUCCESS [ 21.357 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Discovery ............... SUCCESS [6.473 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Ribbon .................. SUCCESS [ 31.616 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter ................. SUCCESS [0.558 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter :: Config ....... SUCCESS [0.569 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter :: Ribbon ....... SUCCESS [0.595 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Starter :: All .......... SUCCESS [0.571 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples ................ SUCCESS [0.558 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Reload ConfigMap SUCCESS [9.077 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Hello World . SUCCESS [1.323 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Leader .................. SUCCESS [7.395 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Leader Election SUCCESS [0.594 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Istio ................... SUCCESS [ 12.788 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests ....... SUCCESS [0.574 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Simple Core SUCCESS [02:14 min] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Simple Configmap SUCCESS [0.646 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Istio SUCCESS [0.623 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Parent SUCCESS [0.564 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Service A SUCCESS [0.605 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Service B SUCCESS [0.625 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Client SUCCESS [0.608 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Integration Tests :: Discovery Tests SUCCESS [1.440 s] [INFO] Spring Cloud Kubernetes Docs ....................... SUCCESS [0.583 s] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time:05:53 min [INFO] Finished at: 2019-06-08T19:32:19+08:00 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. 进入目录==spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example==,这里面就是官方的入门demo,执行以下命令开始构建并且会部署到minikube:
```shell
mvn clean package fabric8:deploy -Pkubernetes
构建和部署完成后,控制台输出以下信息:
...
[INFO] Installing /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/kubernetes-hello-world-1.0.1.RELEASE-sources.jar to /root/.m2/repository/org/springframework/cloud/kubernetes-hello-world/1.0.1.RELEASE/kubernetes-hello-world-1.0.1.RELEASE-sources.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] <
<
<
fabric8-maven-plugin:3.5.37:deploy (default-cli) <
install @ kubernetes-hello-world <
<
<
[INFO]
[INFO]
[INFO] --- fabric8-maven-plugin:3.5.37:deploy (default-cli) @ kubernetes-hello-world ---
[INFO] F8: Using Kubernetes at https://192.168.121.133:8443/ in namespace default with manifest /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/classes/META-INF/fabric8/kubernetes.yml
[INFO] Using namespace: default
[INFO] Creating a Service from kubernetes.yml namespace default name kubernetes-hello-world
[INFO] Created Service: spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/fabric8/applyJson/default/service-kubernetes-hello-world.json
[INFO] Using namespace: default
[INFO] Creating a Deployment from kubernetes.yml namespace default name kubernetes-hello-world
[INFO] Created Deployment: spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target/fabric8/applyJson/default/deployment-kubernetes-hello-world.json
[INFO] F8: HINT: Use the command `kubectl get pods -w` to watch your pods start up
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:16.047 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-06-08T19:50:50+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 查看服务,已经创建了,类型是NodePort ,并且将8080端口映射到宿主机的30700端口,说明可以用==http://宿主机IP:30700==来访问此服务:
[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# kubectl get services NAMETYPECLUSTER-IPEXTERNAL-IPPORT(S)AGE kubernetesClusterIP10.96.0.1< none> 443/TCP10h kubernetes-hello-worldNodePort10.108.214.207< none> 8080:30700/TCP4m
- 查看部署,==发现始终未能进入READY状态==:
[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# kubectl get deployments NAMEREADYUP-TO-DATEAVAILABLEAGE kubernetes-hello-world0/1104m46s
- 查看pod,==发现新建的pod始终未能进入READY状态==:
[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# kubectl get pods NAMEREADYSTATUSRESTARTSAGE kubernetes-hello-world-7578f45c5d-hr4r70/1Running16m
- 从上面的信息可以看出,部署虽然已经完成,但是pod是不可用的,访问网页试试,如下图,果然无法访问:
文章图片
检查问题
- 执行命令==kubectl describe pod kubernetes-hello-world-7578f45c5d-hr4r7==检查pod的具体情况,如下图红框所示,两个探针检查都失败了:
文章图片
- 再看看控制台输出的pod基本情况,里面有探针的信息,如下图所示,两个探针的地址都是==/health==:
文章图片
- 打开demo的源码,如下所示,根本就没有路径为/health的服务:
@RestController public class HelloController private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(HelloController.class); @Autowired private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient; @RequestMapping("/") public String hello() return "Hello World"; @RequestMapping("/services") public List< String> services() return this.discoveryClient.getServices();
解决问题
搞清楚问题之后就可以动手解决问题了,这里有两种解决方式:
第一种,修改HelloController.java,增加一个方法,对应的地址是/health的服务;
第二种,修改deployment的配置,将探针地址改为现有的服务,例如" /" ,这是个可用的服务;
第一种方法很简单,留给读者您来完成吧,我们来试试第二种:
- 执行以下命令,开始编辑deployment:
kubectl edit deployment kubernetes-hello-world
- 在编辑页面上找到两个探针的配置,都从"
/health"
改成"
/"
,如下图两个红框所示:
文章图片
- 修改完毕后,像普通vim操作一样"
wq"
保存退出,配置会立即生效,稍等一会儿再看pod情况,发现pod的name已经变了,并且状态已经成为Ready,证明旧的pod已经销毁,新的pod被创建并且探针测试通过:
[root@minikube examples]# kubectl get pods NAMEREADYSTATUSRESTARTSAGE kubernetes-hello-world-6c5f75ff74-dnm2q1/1Running015s
- 访问地址http://192.168.121.133:30700 ,服务正常(192.168.121.133是宿主机IP地址),如下图:
文章图片
官方解释
官方的demo无法在minikube上正常运行,还要我们自己去修改配置或者源码,官方的demo不应该会这样,在kubernetes-hello-world-example工程内的README.md文档中发现了对此问题的说明,如下图红框所示,fabric8的maven插件在生成探针配置的是时候配错了URL,因此官方建议我们去修改deployment的配置,将探针的地址从" /health" 改为" /actuator/heath" ,这个问题已经被提交到了fabric8社区,并且贴出了链接:
文章图片
权限问题
刚才我们看过了HelloController.java的源码,里面还有个路径为" /services" 的接口,在minikube环境下访问此接口可以成功返回,内容是当前minikube环境的服务信息,但是如果部署在正式的kubernetes环境,访问此接口会返回以下错误:
Message: Forbidden!Configured service account doesnt have access. Service account may have been revoked. services is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:default:default" cannot list resource "services" in API group "" in the namespace "default"
也就是说当前的system:serviceaccount账号是没有权限通过API server访问" services" 资源的,此时最快的解决办法是提升账号权限:
kubectl create clusterrolebinding permissive-binding \\ --clusterrole=cluster-admin \\ --user=admin \\ --user=kubelet \\ --group=system:serviceaccounts
注意:以上办法只能用于开发和测试环境,不要用在生产环境,在生产环境应该参考Kubernetes的RBAC授权相关设置来处理。
如果您想尝试修改demo的源码并且部署上去,在编译阶段可能遇到以下问题:
[root@minikube kubernetes-hello-world-example]# mvn clean package fabric8:deploy -Pkubernetes
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ----------<
org.springframework.cloud:kubernetes-hello-world >
----------
[INFO] Building Spring Cloud Kubernetes :: Examples :: Hello World 1.0.1.RELEASE
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ kubernetes-hello-world ---
[INFO] Deleting /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-checkstyle-plugin:3.0.0:check (checkstyle-validation) @ kubernetes-hello-world ---
[INFO] 开始检查……
[ERROR] /usr/local/work/demo/spring-cloud-kubernetes-1.0.1.RELEASE/spring-cloud-kubernetes-examples/kubernetes-hello-world-example/src/main/java/org/springframework/cloud/kubernetes/examples/HelloController.java:33: 当前行匹配非法表达式: Trailing whitespace。 [Regexp]
检查完成。
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:2.976 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-06-08T22:15:37+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-checkstyle-plugin:3.0.0:check (checkstyle-validation) on project kubernetes-hello-world: Failed during checkstyle execution: There is 1 error reported by Checkstyle 8.12 with checkstyle.xml ruleset. ->
[Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException
出现上述问题的原因是maven-checkstyle-plugin插件检查代码的style没有通过,我试过在mvn命令中添加skip参数,也试过在pom.xml中添加maven-checkstyle-plugin节点并且配置为skip,结果都没有用,最终用以下方法成功规避了此问题:
- 打开pom.xml文件;
- 找到节点properties(如果没有就创建),增加以下三个属性配置,这样配置的作用是在style检查失败、校验失败、单元测试代码检查失败这三种情况下,都不会导致整个maven构建的失败:
< properties> < maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnError> false< /maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnError> < maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnViolation> false< /maven-checkstyle-plugin.failsOnViolation> < maven-checkstyle-plugin.includeTestSourceDirectory> false< /maven-checkstyle-plugin.includeTestSourceDirectory> < /properties>
问题处理
【#yyds干货盘点#spring-cloud-kubernetes官方demo运行实战】感谢==jason9211==的提醒,如果读者您也遇到类似问题,请参考如下:
如果在deploy时遇到 “the server could not find the requested resource”问题,
建议把fabric8.maven.plugin的版本升级到4.2.0即可。
<
fabric8.maven.plugin.version>
4.2.0<
/fabric8.maven.plugin.version>
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