怀抱观古今,寝食展戏谑。这篇文章主要讲述#yyds干货盘点#自定义spring boot starter三部曲之三:源码分析spring.factories加载过程相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
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- 本文是《自定义spring boot starter三部曲》系列的终篇,前文中我们开发了一个starter并做了验证,发现关键点在于spring.factories的自动加载能力,让应用只要依赖starter的jar包即可,今天我们来分析Spring和Spring boot源码,了解spring.factories自动加载原理;
- 本文中涉及到的库的版本:
- Spring boot :1.5.9.RELEASE;
- JDK :1.8.0_144
- 先回顾customizeservicestarter模块中spring.factories文件的内容:
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=com.bolingcavalry.customizeservicestarter.CustomizeConfiguration
- 从上述内容可以确定今天源码学习目标:
- spring容器如何处理配置类;
- spring boot配置类的加载情况;
- spring.factories中的EnableAutoConfiguration配置何时被加载?
- spring.factories中的EnableAutoConfiguration配置被加载后做了什么处理;
- ConfigurationClassPostProcessor类的职责是处理配置类;
- ConfigurationClassPostProcessor是BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口的实现类,它的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法在容器初始化阶段会被调用;
- postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法又调用processConfigBeanDefinitions方法处理具体业务;
- processConfigBeanDefinitions方法中通过ConfigurationClassParser类来处理Configuration注解,如下图:
文章图片
- 如上图红框所示,所有被Configuration注解修饰过的类,都会被parser.parse(candidates)处理,即ConfigurationClassParser类的parse方法;
- parse方法中调用processDeferredImportSelectors方法做处理:找到Configuration类中的Import注解,对于Import注解的值,如果实现了ImportSelector接口,就调用其selectImports方法,将返回的名称实例化:
private void processDeferredImportSelectors() //这里就是Configuration注解中的Import注解的值, //例如EnableAutoConfiguration注解的源码中,Import注解的值是EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class List< DeferredImportSelectorHolder> deferredImports = this.deferredImportSelectors; this.deferredImportSelectors = null; Collections.sort(deferredImports, DEFERRED_IMPORT_COMPARATOR); for (DeferredImportSelectorHolder deferredImport : deferredImports) ConfigurationClass configClass = deferredImport.getConfigurationClass(); try //以EnableAutoConfiguration注解为例,其Import注解的值为EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class, //那么此处就是在调用EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector的selectImports方法,返回了一个字符串数组 String[] imports = deferredImport.getImportSelector().selectImports(configClass.getMetadata()); //字符串数组中的每个字符串都代表一个类,此处做实例化 processImports(configClass, asSourceClass(configClass), asSourceClasses(imports), false); catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) throw ex; catch (Throwable ex) throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException( "Failed to process import candidates for configuration class [" + configClass.getMetadata().getClassName() + "]", ex);
- 小结一下spring容器配置类的逻辑:
- 找出配置类;
- 找出配置类中的Import注解;
- Import注解的值是class,如果该class实现了ImportSelector接口,就调用其selectImports方法,将返回的名称实例化;
- 有了上面的结论就可以结合Spring boot的源码来分析加载了哪些数据了;
- 我们的应用使用了SpringBootApplication注解,看此注解的源码,使用了EnableAutoConfiguration注解:
@Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited @SpringBootConfiguration @EnableAutoConfiguration @ComponentScan(excludeFilters = @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class), @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) ) public @interface SpringBootApplication ......
- EnableAutoConfiguration注解中,通过Import注解引入了EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class:
@Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Documented @Inherited @AutoConfigurationPackage @Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class) public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration ......
- 看EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector的源码:
/** * @link DeferredImportSelector to handle @link EnableAutoConfiguration * auto-configuration. This class can also be subclassed if a custom variant of * @link EnableAutoConfiguration @EnableAutoConfiguration. is needed. * * @deprecated as of 1.5 in favor of @link AutoConfigurationImportSelector * @author Phillip Webb * @author Andy Wilkinson * @author Stephane Nicoll * @author Madhura Bhave * @since 1.3.0 * @see EnableAutoConfiguration */ @Deprecated public class EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector extends AutoConfigurationImportSelector @Override protected boolean isEnabled(AnnotationMetadata metadata) if (getClass().equals(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)) return getEnvironment().getProperty( EnableAutoConfiguration.ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY, Boolean.class, true); return true;
上述源码有三处重点需要关注:
第一,EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector是AutoConfigurationImportSelector的子类;
第二,EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector已经被废弃了,不推荐使用;
第三,文档中已经写明废弃原因:从1.5版本开始,其特性由父类AutoConfigurationImportSelector实现;4. 查看AutoConfigurationImportSelector的源码,重点关注selectImports方法,该方法的返回值表明了哪些类会被实例化:
```java
@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata)
if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata))
return NO_IMPORTS;
try
//将所有spring-autoconfigure-metadata.properties文件中的键值对保存在autoConfigurationMetadata中
AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = https://www.songbingjia.com/android/AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader
.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
//取得所有配置类的名称
List<
String>
configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata,
attributes);
configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
configurations = sort(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
Set<
String>
exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
return configurations.toArray(new String[configurations.size()]);
catch (IOException ex)
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
- 通过上述代码可以发现,getCandidateConfigurations方法的调用是个关键,它返回的字符串都是即将被实例化的类名,来看此方法源码:
protected List< String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) List< String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames( getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), getBeanClassLoader()); Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you " + "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct."); return configurations;
- getCandidateConfigurations方法中,调用了静态方法SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames,上面提到的SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames方法是关键,看看官方文档对此静态方法的描述,如下图红框所示,该方法会在spring.factories文件中寻找指定接口对应的实现类的全名(包名+实现类):
文章图片
- 在getCandidateConfigurations方法中,调用SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames的时候传入的指定类型是getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass方法的返回值:
protected Class< ?> getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass() return EnableAutoConfiguration.class;
- 现在可以梳理一下了:
- spring boot应用启动时使用了EnableAutoConfiguration注解;
- EnableAutoConfiguration注解通过import注解将EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector类实例化,并且将其selectImports方法返回的类名实例化后注册到spring容器;
- EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector的selectImports方法返回的类名,来自spring.factories文件内的配置信息,这些配置信息的key等于EnableAutoConfiguration;
- 【#yyds干货盘点#自定义spring boot starter三部曲之三(源码分析spring.factories加载过程)】现在真相大白了:只要我们在spring.factories文件内配置了EnableAutoConfiguration,那么对于的类就会被实例化后注册到spring容器;
- 至此,《自定义spring boot starter三部曲》系列就完结了,希望实战加源码分析的三篇文章,能帮助您理解和实现自定义starter这种简单快捷的扩展方式;
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