Spring|Spring ApplicationContext 知识点汇总

ApplicationContext在启动的时候就把所有的Bean全部实例化了。还可以为Bean配置lazy-init=true来让Bean延迟实例化
ApplicationContext 应用上下文,继承BeanFactory接口,它是Spring的更高级的容器,提供了更多的有用的功能

BeanFactory 与 ApplicationContext 区别?
BeanFactory在启动的时候不会去实例化Bean,中有从容器中拿Bean的时候才会去实例化;
BeanFactory是Spring里面最低层的接口,提供了最简单的容器的功能,只提供了实例化对象和拿对象的功能;
spring注入ApplicationContext对象的三种方式
第一种:直接注入 @Component public class User { @Autowired private ApplicationContext applicationContext; public void show(){ System.out.println(applicationContext.getClass().getName()); } }第二种方式:构造器注入@Component public class Bank { private ApplicationContext applicationContext; public Bank(ApplicationContext applicationContext) { this.applicationContext = applicationContext; } publicvoid show(){ System.out.println(applicationContext.getClass().getName()+"==========="); } }第三种:实现接口方式@Component public class Book implements ApplicationContextAware{private ApplicationContext applicationContext; @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { this.applicationContext=applicationContext; }publicvoid show(){ System.out.println(applicationContext.getClass().getName()); } }

spring事件机制(订阅发布模式 == 观察者模式)
ApplicationContext事件机制是观察者设计模式的 实现,通过ApplicationEvent类和ApplicationListener接口,可以实现ApplicationContext事件处理。
如果容器中有一个ApplicationListener Bean,每当ApplicationContext发布ApplicationEvent时,ApplicationListener Bean将自动被触发。
ApplicationEvent:容器事件,必须由ApplicationContext发布;
ApplicationListener:监听器,可由容器中的任何监听器Bean担任。
定义容器事件
public class EmailEvent extends ApplicationEvent{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; //属性 private String address; private String text; //构造方法 public EmailEvent(Object source) { super(source); } public EmailEvent(Object source, String address, String text) { super(source); this.address = address; this.text = text; } //getter和setter设置 public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } public String getText() { return text; } public void setText(String text) { this.text = text; } }

定义监听器
port org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener; /** * email之监听类 * 容器事件的监听器类必须实现ApplicationListener接口 */ public class EmailNotifier implements ApplicationListener{@Override public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) { if(event instanceof EmailEvent){ EmailEvent emailEvent = (EmailEvent) event; System.out.println("email's address:"+emailEvent.getAddress()); System.out.println("email's text:"+emailEvent.getText()); } else { System.out.println("the Spring's event:"+event); } }}

将监听器注入到spring容器
Xml代码

【Spring|Spring ApplicationContext 知识点汇总】测试
public class SpringTest { public static void main(String arg[]){ //读取Spring容器的配置文件 @SuppressWarnings("resource") ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application.xml"); //创建一个事件对象 EmailEvent emailEvent = new EmailEvent("hello ApplicationContext !", "demo@qq.com", "This is a test!"); //主动触发事件监视机制 applicationContext.publishEvent(emailEvent); } }

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