相逢意气为君饮,系马高楼垂柳边。这篇文章主要讲述2018年Android的保活方案效果统计相关的知识,希望能为你提供帮助。
一、常见保活方案
1、监听广播:监听全局的静态广播,比如时间更新的广播、开机广播、解锁屏、网络状态、解锁加锁亮屏暗屏(3.1版本),高版本需要应用开机后运行一次才能监听这些系统广播,目前此方案失效。可以更换思路,做APP启动后的保活(监听广播启动保活的前台服务)
2、定时器、JobScheduler:假如应用被系统杀死,那么定时器则失效,此方案失效。JobService在5.0,5.1,6.0作用很大,7.0时候有一定影响(可以在电源管理中给APP授权)
3、双进程(NDK方式Fork子进程)、双Service守护:高版本已失效,5.0起系统回收策略改成进程组。双Service方案也改成了应用被杀,任何后台Service无法正常状态运行
4、提高Service优先级:只能一定程度上缓解Service被立马回收
二、保活
- 1、AIDL方式单进程、双进程方式保活Service
- 2、降低oom_adj的值:常驻通知栏(可通过启动另外一个服务关闭Notification,不对oom_adj值有影响)、使用”1像素“的Activity覆盖在getWindow()的view上、循环播放无声音频(黑科技,7.0下杀不掉)
- 3、监听锁屏广播:使Activity始终保持前台
- 4、使用自定义锁屏界面:覆盖了系统锁屏界面。
- 5、通过android:process属性来为Service创建一个进程
- 6、跳转到系统白名单界面让用户自己添加app进入白名单
- 1、JobScheduler:原理类似定时器,5.0,5.1,6.0作用很大,7.0时候有一定影响(可以在电源管理中给APP授权)
- 2、推送互相唤醒复活:极光、友盟、以及各大厂商的推送
- 3、同派系APP广播互相唤醒:比如今日头条系、阿里系
- 1、原生5.0、5.1:原生任务栏滑动清理app,Service会被杀掉,然后被拉起,接着一直存活
- 2、金立F100(5.1):一键清理直接杀掉整个app,包括双守护进程。不手动清理情况下,经测试能锁屏存活至少40分钟
- 3、华为畅享5x(6.0):一键清理直接杀掉整个app,包括双守护进程。不手动清理下,锁屏只存活10s。结论:双进程守护方案失效。
- 4、美图m8s(7.1.1):一键清理直接杀掉整个app,包括双守护进程。不清理情况下,锁屏会有被杀过程(9分钟左右被杀),之后重新复活,之后不断被干掉然后又重新复活。结论:双守护进程可在后台不断拉起Service。
- 5、原生7.0:任务栏清除APP后,Service存活。使用此方案后Service照样存活。
- 6、LG V30+(7.1.2):不加双进程守护的时候,一键清理无法杀掉服务。加了此方案之后也不能杀掉服务,锁屏存活(测试观察大于50分钟)
- 7、小米8(8.1):一键清理直接干掉app并且包括双守护进程。不清理情况下,不加守护进程方案与加守护进程方案Service会一直存活,12分钟左右closed。结论:此方案没有起作用
2、监听锁屏广播打开1像素Activity(基于onStartCommand() return START_STICKY)
- 1、原生5.0、5.1:锁屏后3s服务被干掉然后重启(START_STICKY字段起作用)
- 2、华为畅享5x(6.0):锁屏只存活4s。结论:方案失效。
- 3、美图m8s(7.1.1):同原生5.0
- 4、原生7.0:同美图m8s。
- 5、LG V30+(7.1.2):锁屏后情况跟不加情况一致,服务一致保持运行,结论:此方案不起作用
- 6、小米8(8.1):关屏过2s之后app全部被干掉。结论:此方案没有起作用
3、故意在后台播放无声的音乐(基于onStartCommand() return START_STICKY)
- 1、原生5.0、5.1:锁屏后3s服务被干掉然后重启(START_STICKY字段起作用)
- 2、华为畅享5x(6.0):一键清理后服务依然存活,需要单独清理才可杀掉服务,锁屏8分钟后依然存活。结论:此方案适用
- 3、美图m8s(7.1.1):同5.0
- 4、原生7.0:任务管理器中关闭APP后服务被干掉,大概过3s会重新复活(同仅START_STICKY字段模式)。结论:看不出此方案有没有其作用
- 5、LG V30+(7.1.2):使用此方案前后效果一致。结论:此方案不起作用
- 【2018年Android的保活方案效果统计】6、小米8(8.1):一键清理可以杀掉服务。锁屏后保活超过20分钟
4、使用JobScheduler唤醒Service(基于onStartCommand() return START_STICKY)
- 1、原生5.0、5.1:任务管理器中干掉APP,服务会在周期时间后重新启动。结论:此方案起作用
- 2、华为畅享5x(6.0):一键清理直接杀掉APP,过12s左右会自动重启服务,JobScheduler起作用
- 3、美图m8s(7.1.1):一键清理直接杀掉APP,无法自动重启
- 4、原生7.0:同美图m8s(7.1.1)
- 5、小米8(8.1):同美图m8s(7.1.1)
5、混合使用的效果,并且在通知栏弹出通知
- 1、原生5.0、5.1:任务管理器中干掉APP,服务会在周期时间后重新启动。锁屏超过11分钟存活
- 2、华为畅享5x(6.0):一键清理后服务依然存活,需要单独清理才可杀掉服务。结论:方案适用。
- 3、美图m8s(7.1.1):一键清理APP会被杀掉。正常情况下锁屏后服务依然存活。
- 4、原生7.0:任务管理器中关闭APP后服务被干掉,过2s会重新复活
- 5、小米8(8.1):一键清理可以杀掉服务,锁屏下后台保活时间超过38分钟
- 6、荣耀10(8.0):一键清理杀掉服务,锁屏下后台保活时间超过23分钟
实现具体过程 一、双进程实现方案
使用AIDL绑定方式新建2个Service优先级(防止服务同时被系统杀死)不一样的守护进程互相拉起对方,并在每一个守护进程的
ServiceConnection
的绑定回调里判断保活Service是否需要重新拉起和对守护线程进行重新绑定。1、新建一个AIDL文件
KeepAliveConnection
interface KeepAliveConnection{
}
2、新建一个服务类StepService,onBind()方法返回new KeepAliveConnection.Stub()对象,并在ServiceConnection的绑定回调中对守护进程服务类GuardService的启动和绑定。
/**
* 主进程 双进程通讯
*
* @author LiGuangMin
* @time Created by 2018/8/17 11:26
*/
public class StepService extends Service {private final static String TAG = StepService.class.getSimpleName();
private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
Logger.d(TAG, "StepService:建立链接");
boolean isServiceRunning = ServiceAliveUtils.isServiceAlice();
if (!isServiceRunning) {
Intent i = new Intent(StepService.this, DownloadService.class);
startService(i);
}
}@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
// 断开链接
startService(new Intent(StepService.this, GuardService.class));
// 重新绑定
bindService(new Intent(StepService.this, GuardService.class), mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
}
};
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return new KeepAliveConnection.Stub() {
};
}@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
startForeground(1, new Notification());
// 绑定建立链接
bindService(new Intent(this, GuardService.class), mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
return START_STICKY;
}}
3、对守护进程GuardService进行和2一样的处理
/**
* 守护进程 双进程通讯
*
* @author LiGuangMin
* @time Created by 2018/8/17 11:27
*/
public class GuardService extends Service {
private final static String TAG = GuardService.class.getSimpleName();
private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
Logger.d(TAG, "GuardService:建立链接");
boolean isServiceRunning = ServiceAliveUtils.isServiceAlice();
if (!isServiceRunning) {
Intent i = new Intent(GuardService.this, DownloadService.class);
startService(i);
}
}@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
// 断开链接
startService(new Intent(GuardService.this, StepService.class));
// 重新绑定
bindService(new Intent(GuardService.this, StepService.class), mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
}
};
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return new KeepAliveConnection.Stub() {
};
}@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
startForeground(1, new Notification());
// 绑定建立链接
bindService(new Intent(this, StepService.class), mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
return START_STICKY;
}}
4、在Activity中在启动需要保活的DownloadService服务后然后启动保活的双进程
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private TextView mShowTimeTv;
private DownloadService.DownloadBinder mDownloadBinder;
private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
mDownloadBinder = (DownloadService.DownloadBinder) service;
mDownloadBinder.setOnTimeChangeListener(new DownloadService.OnTimeChangeListener() {
@Override
public void showTime(final String time) {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
mShowTimeTv.setText(time);
}
});
}
});
}@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent(this, DownloadService.class);
startService(intent);
bindService(intent, mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
//双守护线程,优先级不一样
startAllServices();
}@Override
public void onContentChanged() {
super.onContentChanged();
mShowTimeTv = findViewById(R.id.tv_show_time);
}@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
unbindService(mServiceConnection);
}/**
* 开启所有守护Service
*/
private void startAllServices() {
startService(new Intent(this, StepService.class));
startService(new Intent(this, GuardService.class));
}
}
二、监听到锁屏广播后使用“1”像素Activity提升优先级
1、该Activity的View只要设置为1像素然后设置在Window对象上即可。在Activity的onDestroy周期中进行保活服务的存活判断从而唤醒服务。"1像素"Activity如下
public class SinglePixelActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String TAG = SinglePixelActivity.class.getSimpleName();
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Window mWindow = getWindow();
mWindow.setGravity(Gravity.LEFT | Gravity.TOP);
WindowManager.LayoutParams attrParams = mWindow.getAttributes();
attrParams.x = 0;
attrParams.y = 0;
attrParams.height = 1;
attrParams.width = 1;
mWindow.setAttributes(attrParams);
ScreenManager.getInstance(this).setSingleActivity(this);
}@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
if (!SystemUtils.isAppAlive(this, Constant.PACKAGE_NAME)) {
Intent intentAlive = new Intent(this, DownloadService.class);
startService(intentAlive);
}
super.onDestroy();
}
}
2、对广播进行监听,封装为一个ScreenReceiverUtil类,进行锁屏解锁的广播动态注册监听
public class ScreenReceiverUtil {
private Context mContext;
private SreenBroadcastReceiver mScreenReceiver;
private SreenStateListener mStateReceiverListener;
public ScreenReceiverUtil(Context mContext) {
this.mContext = mContext;
}public void setScreenReceiverListener(SreenStateListener mStateReceiverListener) {
this.mStateReceiverListener = mStateReceiverListener;
// 动态启动广播接收器
this.mScreenReceiver = new SreenBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT);
mContext.registerReceiver(mScreenReceiver, filter);
}public void stopScreenReceiverListener() {
mContext.unregisterReceiver(mScreenReceiver);
}/**
* 监听sreen状态对外回调接口
*/
public interface SreenStateListener {
void onSreenOn();
void onSreenOff();
void onUserPresent();
}public class SreenBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (mStateReceiverListener == null) {
return;
}
if (Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON.equals(action)) { // 开屏
mStateReceiverListener.onSreenOn();
} else if (Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF.equals(action)) { // 锁屏
mStateReceiverListener.onSreenOff();
} else if (Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT.equals(action)) { // 解锁
mStateReceiverListener.onUserPresent();
}
}
}
}
3、对1像素Activity进行防止内存泄露的处理,新建一个ScreenManager类
public class ScreenManager {
private static final String TAG = ScreenManager.class.getSimpleName();
private static ScreenManager sInstance;
private Context mContext;
private WeakReference<
Activity>
mActivity;
private ScreenManager(Context mContext) {
this.mContext = mContext;
}public static ScreenManager getInstance(Context context) {
if (sInstance == null) {
sInstance = new ScreenManager(context);
}
return sInstance;
}/** 获得SinglePixelActivity的引用
* @param activity
*/
public void setSingleActivity(Activity activity) {
mActivity = new WeakReference<
>
(activity);
}/**
* 启动SinglePixelActivity
*/
public void startActivity() {
Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, SinglePixelActivity.class);
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
mContext.startActivity(intent);
}/**
* 结束SinglePixelActivity
*/
public void finishActivity() {
if (mActivity != null) {
Activity activity = mActivity.get();
if (activity != null) {
activity.finish();
}
}
}
}
4、对1像素的Style进行特殊处理,在style文件中新建一个SingleActivityStyle
<
style name="SingleActivityStyle" parent="android:Theme.Holo.Light.NoActionBar">
<
item name="android:windowBackground">
@android:color/transparent<
/item>
<
item name="android:windowFrame">
@null<
/item>
<
item name="android:windowNoTitle">
true<
/item>
<
item name="android:windowIsFloating">
true<
/item>
<
item name="android:windowContentOverlay">
@null<
/item>
<
item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">
false<
/item>
<
item name="android:windowAnimationStyle">
@null<
/item>
<
item name="android:windowDisablePreview">
true<
/item>
<
item name="android:windowNoDisplay">
false<
/item>
5、让SinglePixelActivity使用singleInstance启动模式,在manifest文件中
<
activity
android:name=".activity.SinglePixelActivity"
android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation|screenSize|navigation|keyboard"
android:excludeFromRecents="true"
android:finishOnTaskLaunch="false"
android:launchMode="singleInstance"
android:theme="@style/SingleActivityStyle" />
6、在保活服务类DownloadService中对监听的广播进行注册和对SinglePixelActivity进行控制。
public class DownloadService extends Service {
public static final int NOTICE_ID = 100;
private static final String TAG = DownloadService.class.getSimpleName();
private DownloadBinder mDownloadBinder;
private NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilderProgress;
private NotificationManager mNotificationManager;
private ScreenReceiverUtil mScreenListener;
private ScreenManager mScreenManager;
private Timer mRunTimer;
private int mTimeSec;
private int mTimeMin;
private int mTimeHour;
private ScreenReceiverUtil.SreenStateListener mScreenListenerer = new ScreenReceiverUtil.SreenStateListener() {
@Override
public void onSreenOn() {
mScreenManager.finishActivity();
Logger.d(TAG, "关闭了1像素Activity");
}@Override
public void onSreenOff() {
mScreenManager.startActivity();
Logger.d(TAG, "打开了1像素Activity");
}@Override
public void onUserPresent() {
}
};
private OnTimeChangeListener mOnTimeChangeListener;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
//注册锁屏广播监听器
mScreenListener = new ScreenReceiverUtil(this);
mScreenManager = ScreenManager.getInstance(this);
mScreenListener.setScreenReceiverListener(mScreenListenerer);
mDownloadBinder = new DownloadBinder();
mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
}@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Logger.d(TAG, "onStartCommand");
startRunTimer();
return START_STICKY;
}@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {return mDownloadBinder;
}@Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
Logger.d(TAG, "onUnbind");
return super.onUnbind(intent);
}@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
NotificationManager mManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
if (mManager == null) {
return;
}
mManager.cancel(NOTICE_ID);
stopRunTimer();
//mScreenListener.stopScreenReceiverListener();
}private void startRunTimer() {
TimerTask mTask = new TimerTask() {
@Override
public void run() {
mTimeSec++;
if (mTimeSec == 60) {
mTimeSec = 0;
mTimeMin++;
}
if (mTimeMin == 60) {
mTimeMin = 0;
mTimeHour++;
}
if (mTimeHour == 24) {
mTimeSec = 0;
mTimeMin = 0;
mTimeHour = 0;
}
String time = "时间为:" + mTimeHour + " : " + mTimeMin + " : " + mTimeSec;
if (mOnTimeChangeListener != null) {
mOnTimeChangeListener.showTime(time);
}
Logger.d(TAG, time);
}
};
mRunTimer = new Timer();
// 每隔1s更新一下时间
mRunTimer.schedule(mTask, 1000, 1000);
}private void stopRunTimer() {
if (mRunTimer != null) {
mRunTimer.cancel();
mRunTimer = null;
}
mTimeSec = 0;
mTimeMin = 0;
mTimeHour = 0;
Logger.d(TAG, "时间为:" + mTimeHour + " : " + mTimeMin + " : " + mTimeSec);
}public interface OnTimeChangeListener {
void showTime(String time);
}public class DownloadBinder extends Binder {
public void setOnTimeChangeListener(OnTimeChangeListener onTimeChangeListener) {
mOnTimeChangeListener = onTimeChangeListener;
}
}
}
3、在后台播放音乐1、准备一段无声的音频,新建一个播放音乐的Service类,将播放模式改为无限循环播放。在其onDestroy方法中对自己重新启动。
public class PlayerMusicService extends Service {
private final static String TAG = PlayerMusicService.class.getSimpleName();
private MediaPlayer mMediaPlayer;
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Logger.d(TAG, TAG + "---->
onCreate,启动服务");
mMediaPlayer = MediaPlayer.create(getApplicationContext(), R.raw.silent);
mMediaPlayer.setLooping(true);
}@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
startPlayMusic();
}
}).start();
return START_STICKY;
}private void startPlayMusic() {
if (mMediaPlayer != null) {
Logger.d(TAG, "启动后台播放音乐");
mMediaPlayer.start();
}
}private void stopPlayMusic() {
if (mMediaPlayer != null) {
Logger.d(TAG, "关闭后台播放音乐");
mMediaPlayer.stop();
}
}@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
stopPlayMusic();
Logger.d(TAG, TAG + "---->
onCreate,停止服务");
// 重启自己
Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), PlayerMusicService.class);
startService(intent);
}
}
2、 在保活的DownloadServie服务类的onCreate方法中对PlayerMusicService进行启动
Intent intent = new Intent(this, PlayerMusicService.class);
startService(intent);
3、在Manifest文件中进行注册
<
service
android:name=".service.PlayerMusicService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true"
android:process=":music_service" />
4、使用JobScheduler唤醒Service1、新建一个继承自JobService的ScheduleService类,在其onStartJob回调中对DownloadService进行存活的判断来重启。
public class ScheduleService extends JobService {
private static final String TAG = ScheduleService.class.getSimpleName();
@Override
public boolean onStartJob(JobParameters params) {boolean isServiceRunning = ServiceAliveUtils.isServiceAlice();
if (!isServiceRunning) {
Intent i = new Intent(this, DownloadService.class);
startService(i);
Logger.d(TAG, "ScheduleService启动了DownloadService");
}
jobFinished(params, false);
return false;
}@Override
public boolean onStopJob(JobParameters params) {
return false;
}
}
2、 在DownloadService服务类中进行JobScheduler的注册和使用
/**
* 使用JobScheduler进行保活
*/
private void useJobServiceForKeepAlive() {
JobScheduler jobScheduler = (JobScheduler) getSystemService(Context.JOB_SCHEDULER_SERVICE);
if (jobScheduler == null) {
return;
}
jobScheduler.cancelAll();
JobInfo.Builder builder =
new JobInfo.Builder(1024, new ComponentName(getPackageName(), ScheduleService.class.getName()));
//周期设置为了2s
builder.setPeriodic(1000 * 2);
builder.setPersisted(true);
builder.setRequiredNetworkType(JobInfo.NETWORK_TYPE_ANY);
int schedule = jobScheduler.schedule(builder.build());
if (schedule <
= 0) {
Logger.w(TAG, "schedule error!");
}
}
3、在manifest文件中进行权限设置
<
service
android:name=".service.ScheduleService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true"
android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE" />
关于推送类拉活根据华为官方文档集成HUAWEI Push
- 1、华为畅玩5X(6.0):APP全部进程被杀死时可以被拉起。
- 2、华为nove 3e(8.0):APP全部进程被杀死时无法被拉起,能收到推送。
- 3、华为荣耀10(8.1):同2
补充:ServiceAliveUtils 类如下
public class ServiceAliveUtils {public static boolean isServiceAlice() {
boolean isServiceRunning = false;
ActivityManager manager =
(ActivityManager) MyApplication.getMyApplication().getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
if (manager == null) {
return true;
}
for (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
if ("demo.lgm.com.keepalivedemo.service.DownloadService".equals(service.service.getClassName())) {
isServiceRunning = true;
}
}
return isServiceRunning;
}
}
作者:minminaya
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/b5371df6d7cb
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