Django REST Framework _framework

知识为进步之母,而进步又为富强之源泉。这篇文章主要讲述Django REST Framework相关的知识，希望能为你提供帮助。
Django REST框架用于快速构建前后端分离的WebAPI的工具包。
简单使用
1.安装依赖

pip install djangorestframework
pip install markdown
pip install django-filter

2.创建Django项目

python manage.py startapp Rest

3.在 settings 中的 INSTALLED_APPS 添加 rest_framework

INSTALLED_APPS = [
django.contrib.admin,
django.contrib.auth,
django.contrib.contenttypes,
django.contrib.sessions,
django.contrib.messages,
django.contrib.staticfiles,
rest_framework# 增加
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware,
django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware,
django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware,
#django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware,# 屏蔽
django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware,
django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware,
django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware,
]

views.py 文件，并添加如下代码：

from django.shortcuts import render

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response

# Create your views here.
class TestView(APIView):
# 构造函数
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print("init")
return super().dispatch(request,*args,**kwargs)

def get(self,*args, **kwargs):
print("get ".format(kwargs))
return Response("get 请求")

def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print("post ".format(request))
return Response(POST请求，响应内容)

def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
print("put 1")
return Response(put请求，响应内容)

5.在urls.py文件中添加想要访问的 url，并关联上述 views

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path

from Rest import views

urlpatterns = [
path(admin/, admin.site.urls),
path(ruser/,views.TestView.as_view())
]

启动项目,访问??http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/?format=api??

python manage.py runserver

通过??get方式??参数传递

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from django.http import JsonResponse

class TestView(APIView):
# 构造函数
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return super().dispatch(request,*args,**kwargs)

# 接收get方式参数传递
# http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/?format=api& color=red
def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs):
ret = "code":1001, "msg":"Get"
ref_data = https://www.songbingjia.com/android/request.query_params.dict()
print("获取参数传递: ".format(ref_data))

return JsonResponse(ret)

使用过滤器
1.安装依赖

pip install djangorestframework markdown django-filter

2.创建Django项目

python manage.py startapp rest

3.在 settings 中的 INSTALLED_APPS 添加 rest_framework

INSTALLED_APPS = [
rest_framework# 增加
rest
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
#django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware,# 屏蔽
]

APPEND_SLASH=False

在blog的models中，建立我们需要的model

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
class UserInfo(models.Model):
USER_TYPE = (
(1,普通用户),
(2,VIP),
(3,SVIP)
)

user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE,default=1)
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
password = models.CharField(max_length=64)

class UserToken(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(UserInfo,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
token = models.CharField(max_length=64)

建表

python .\\manage.py makemigrations
python .\\manage.py migrate

【Django REST Framework】urls.py增加路由

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path

from django.conf.urls import url
from rest.views import AuthView

urlpatterns = [
path(admin/, admin.site.urls),
url(r^rest/v1/auth/$, AuthView.as_view())
]

增加views.py视图

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views import View

from rest import models
import json

def md5(user):
import hashlib
import time

# 当前时间，相当于生成一个随机的字符串
ctime = str(time.time())

# token加密
m = hashlib.md5(bytes(user, encoding=utf-8))
m.update(bytes(ctime, encoding=utf-8))
return m.hexdigest()

class AuthView(View):

def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
ret = code: 1000, msg: success, name: 偷偷
ret = json.dumps(ret, ensure_ascii=False)

return HttpResponse(ret)

def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
ret = code: 1000, msg: None
try:
user = request.POST.get(username)
pwd = request.POST.get(password)
obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=user).first()

if not obj:
# 如果用户第一次登陆则创建用户
obj = models.UserInfo.objects.create(username=user, password=pwd)
ret[code] = 1001
ret[msg] = 创建用户成功

# 为用户创建token
token = md5(user)
# 存在就更新，不存在就创建
models.UserToken.objects.update_or_create(user=obj, defaults=token: token)
ret[token] = token
except Exception as e:
ret[code] = 1002
ret[msg] = 请求异常
return JsonResponse(ret)