今天学习了使用LinkedHashMap来实现LRU算法,具体的关于LinkedHashMap的深入了解可以查看:Java集合详解5:深入理解LinkedHashMap和LRU缓存这篇文章,在介绍accessOrder属性的时候说accessOrder设置为false时,按照插入顺序,设置为true时,按照访问顺序,不过我在查看JDK1.8的LinkedHashMap的put方法时没有看到关于将节点插入到链表尾部的操作,经过一番查看还是找到了这个操作。
【java基础|关于LinkedHashMap中accessOrder属性的理解】LinkedHashMap没有对put方法进行重写,使用的是HashMap里面的put方法。
public class HashMap extends AbstractMap
implements Map, Cloneable, Serializable {/**省略无关紧要的代码*/
public V put(K key, V value) {
return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
}/**
* Implements Map.put and related methods
*
* @param hash hash for key
* @param key the key
* @param value the value to put
* @param onlyIfAbsent if true, don't change existing value
* @param evict if false, the table is in creation mode.
* @return previous value, or null if none
*/
final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
boolean evict) {
Node[] tab;
Node p;
int n, i;
if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
n = (tab = resize()).length;
if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
else {
Node e;
K k;
if (p.hash == hash &&
((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
e = p;
else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
e = ((TreeNode)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
else {
for (int binCount = 0;
;
++binCount) {
if ((e = p.next) == null) {
p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
treeifyBin(tab, hash);
break;
}
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
break;
p = e;
}
}
if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
V oldValue = https://www.it610.com/article/e.value;
if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
e.value = value;
afterNodeAccess(e);
//该方法HashMap并没有具体实现,而是LinkedHashMap实现了该方法
return oldValue;
}
}
++modCount;
if (++size> threshold)
resize();
afterNodeInsertion(evict);
//该方法HashMap并没有具体实现,而是LinkedHashMap实现了该方法
return null;
}// Callbacks to allow LinkedHashMap post-actions
void afterNodeAccess(Node p) { }//这三个方法在HashMap均没有具体的实现
void afterNodeInsertion(boolean evict) { }
void afterNodeRemoval(Node p) { }
}
在afterNodeAccess和afterNodeInsertion方法中没有找到将节点插入到双向链表的操作,而在afterNodeAccess方法中,会判断accessOrder是否为true,然后将该节点放到尾部(JDK1.8中最后插入的元素放在尾部)。所以可以判断在afterNodeAccess方法之前已经将该节点插入到了双向链表。具体的afterNodeAccess如下:
void afterNodeAccess(Node e) { // move node to last
LinkedHashMap.Entry last;
if (accessOrder && (last = tail) != e) {//是否按顺序访问,而且判断尾节点是否是当前节点
LinkedHashMap.Entry p =
(LinkedHashMap.Entry)e, b = p.before, a = p.after;
p.after = null;
if (b == null)
head = a;
else
b.after = a;
if (a != null)
a.before = b;
else
last = b;
if (last == null)
head = p;
else {
p.before = last;
last.after = p;
}
tail = p;
//将当前节点置位尾节点
++modCount;
}
}
我们可以查看一下LinkedHashMap的newNode方法,该方法重写了HashMap的newNode方法,
Node newNode(int hash, K key, V value, Node e) {
LinkedHashMap.Entry p =
new LinkedHashMap.Entry(hash, key, value, e);
linkNodeLast(p);
return p;
}// link at the end of list
private void linkNodeLast(LinkedHashMap.Entry p) {//该方法会将节点放到双向链表的尾部,也就是最近访问的一个
LinkedHashMap.Entry last = tail;
tail = p;
if (last == null)
head = p;
else {
p.before = last;
last.after = p;
}
}
这样我们再看一下LinkedHashMap的put方法(也就是HashMap的put方法)
final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
boolean evict) {
Node[] tab;
Node p;
int n, i;
if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
n = (tab = resize()).length;
if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
else {
Node e;
K k;
if (p.hash == hash &&
((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
e = p;
else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
e = ((TreeNode)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
else {
for (int binCount = 0;
;
++binCount) {
if ((e = p.next) == null) {
p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
//在此步骤会创建新的节点,因为LinkedHashMap重写了newNode方法,所以会调用LinkedHashMap的newNode方法
if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
treeifyBin(tab, hash);
break;
}
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
break;
p = e;
}
}
if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
V oldValue = https://www.it610.com/article/e.value;
if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
e.value = value;
afterNodeAccess(e);
return oldValue;
}
}
++modCount;
if (++size> threshold)
resize();
afterNodeInsertion(evict);
return null;
}
这样就知道了在创建新节点的时候,把该节点放到了尾部。所以我们就清楚了当accessOrder设置为false时,会按照插入顺序进行排序,当accessOrder为true是,会按照访问顺序(也就是插入和访问都会将当前节点放置到尾部,尾部代表的是最近访问的数据,这和JDK1.6是反过来的,jdk1.6头部是最近访问的)。
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