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中石化英语职称考试真题 中石油英语职称考试真题( 三 )

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6. Chinese people tend to want to return to the past, while Westerners are always looking towards the future. By comparing their lives to the past, it creates an unlimited feeling of satisfaction. With no other desires, people in ancient times had the opportunity to coexist harmoniously with nature. They worked towards an existence where their social development was in sync with the natural world. This sort of self-satisfaction and oneness with nature helped Chinese people develop a more optimistic attitude towards life.
6、中国人趋向于回顾过去(tend to do sht.倾向于做某事; want to do sth. 想要做某事) ， 而西方人更多的是展望未来(look towards 期待) 。与过去相比较(compare to… 与…比较) ， 就会对当下的生活生出无限的满足感(an unlimited feeling of satisfaction; unlimited adj. 无限制的) 。无欲无求(desire n. 欲望;要求) ， 在古代 ， 人们就能够定下心来与自然和谐相处(to coexist harmoniously with nature 不定式做定语 ， 修饰the opportunity; opportunity n. 机会;机遇;coexist vi. 共存;和平共处;harmoniously adv. 和谐地) ， 努力达到天人合一的境界(where 引导的定语从句修饰an existence; work towards 争取;努力达到;existence生存方式;存在;sync n. 同步) 。这种自我满足以及与自然和谐共存 ， 使中国人产生出乐观的生活态度 。
7. The Westerners have the opposite approach because they fear the uncertainty of the future. This leads them to work hard in changing their current situation in the hope of making tomorrow better than today. During this process, it's almost impossible to abide by the rules of the natural world or human nature. The idea of being content with one's lot is hard-pressed to take hold in this sort of environment.
7、西方人的观点与此相反(the opposite approach 相反的看法) ， 源于对未来的不确定感(fear vt. 害怕;为…担心;uncertainty n. 不确定性) ， 这促使他们努力改变现状(lead*** . to do sth. 引导某人做某事;current situation 现状) ， 以期明天比今天更好(in the hope of希望) 。在努力的过程中难免会违反自然规律和扭曲人性(不定式短语是真正的主语 ， 由于主语较长 ， 在英语中习惯将其置后 ， 而用it是形式主语 ， 同时表语提前;abide by 遵守;直译为：在努力的过程中 ， 遵守自然规律和人性几乎是不可能的) 。乐天知命、安于本分的价值观在这样的文化氛围中(in this sort of environment)是难以形成的(to take hold 不定式作结果状语;hard-pressed adj. 处于困境的;take hold 生根;直译为：满足于自身命运的价值观在这样的文化氛围中是难于生根的) 。
8. Over these past few decades, the ideas of the West and the East have practically been reversed. The Chinese people have little choice but to drop the traditional idea of being content with one's lot if they want to improve their economic standing. They now emulate the West in opening up and becoming more enterprising. Unfortunately, this process of chasing materialistic dreams results in the destruction of nature. People have had to deal with increasing pressure and the income gap between rich and poor has become larger and larger. People are beginning to realize that the traditional idea we inherited from our ancestors, of being content with what one's lot, makes a lot of sense. As the West has forged ahead over the centuries, on the basis of its enterprising attitude, corruption and malpractice has kept pace. Today, the West is turning towards the East to find a way out.
8、有趣的是 ， 近几十年来(over these past few decades) ， 至少在表面上 ， 东西方似乎呈现出一种互换的态势(have practically been reversed; reverse vt. 颠倒) 。中国人因为经济的落后 ， 不得不抛弃(drop)传统的乐天知命观 ， 学习西方的`进取和开拓(emulate vt. 模仿;尽力赶上;open up 开创;enterprising adj. 有事业心的有进取心的;直译为：如果中国人想要改善他们的经济状况 ， 不放弃传统的乐天知命观 ， 他们可选择的道路不多 ， 现在他们开始效仿西方人的开创和进取精神) 。不幸的是(Unfortunately) ， 在尽全力追逐物质主义的过程中 ， 环境遭到破坏(chase vt. 追逐;materialistic adj. 唯物的;result in 结果是;destruction n. 破坏;摧毁) 。社会财富分配不均衡(income gap 收入差距) ， 人们不得不承受巨大的心理压力(两个现在完成时态的并列句;people 做主语时 ， 其谓语动词(包括助动词)要使用复数形式) 。这令人意识到老袓宗“乐天知命”的价值观念自有其道理(we inherited from our ancestors 是定语从句 ， 修饰the traditional idea;inherit from 从…继承…;make a lot of sense 很有道理;老师说过 ， 逗号之间的句子多数用于补充说明 ， 有时可以跳过 ， 方便分析句子的成分 ， 而不会影响整个句子的意思) 。西方人在数百年的无休止进取后 ， 弊端丛生(forge ahead 取得进展;锐意进取;on the basis of 根据;基于…; corruption n. 贪污 ， 腐败;malpractice adj. 玩忽职守;keep pace 并驾齐驱) ， 如今也纷纷转向东方的价值观寻找出路(to find a way out 不定式做目的状语;turn towards 转向;find a way out找到出路) 。

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